Modern poultry production about USSR is actually developing on the basis of commercial technology as well as 2-ways expertise, we.age. eggs and you will meat manufacturing.
From the socialized sector the average yearly egg give of hens increased out of 130 inside the 1964 so you can 226 back in 1984. In the same period the full eggs manufacturing increased out-of 29 to help you 73 thousand billion. Amounts of breeding birds were 230 912 one hundred thousand for the 1980 because the facing 174 758 000 when you look at the 1975 – a growth out-of 29%.
Getting eggs manufacturing very birds is three- or five-line crosses considering brought in grandparental contours of pursuing the: Razor – 288, 292, 444, Evribreed -Highsex Light, Highsex Brownish although some. Inside exact same go out the numbers of egg-form of Russian Light chickens reduced – these people were 6.8-flex shorter for the 1980 compared with 1975.
thirteen. Residential FOWL
To possess meat production the current stocks may be the five-line crosses Broiler-six and you will Broiler-compact-8 which were molded of Dutch lines of your own Evribreed business. This new alive weight off eight-week-dated broilers are step 1.7 kg, with 2.8 kg off provide are ate each kilogram away from acquire.
Full fowl chicken production are dos.dos mil tonnes in 1984, i.e. 3 times around into the 1965 (700 100 t). Meals Plan of your USSR envisages production of 3.4-step three.six m t from fowl beef inside 1990. Attention is paid off toward encouragement of fowl reproduction to your personal plots of land off collective farmers.
However, industrialization away from poultry reproduction features lead to a drastic lack of what amount of breeds. The majority of them have lost its effective value and are usually maintained just as a genetic financing in lookup centers by inexperienced breeders.
Which part describes your regional, dated and you will brand new breeds and you will communities on Soviet Commitment (discover Desk 13.1). The bulk of are usually dual-purpose types that have a decreased production that aren’t employed by the new chicken community. However, it has many see worthwhile physical properties – effectiveness condition and you can evident change from environmental temperatures; large reproductive rate below industrial criteria; high meat palatability.
The new traces being widely used on poultry world improperly you prefer genetic diversity regarding the over services. Based on local and uncommon communities regarding Soviet Relationship the fresh new reproduce communities and you will highly active contours and you will crosses is actually being set up which are modified to the style of climatic zones in the country.
Egg Types Prohibited-AND-SPECKLED LEGHORN (Polosato-pestraya leggorn)
The newest synthetic populace are lead throughout 1976-84 in the Ail-Relationship Look Institute regarding Ranch Creature Reproduction and you can Genetics by crossing White Leghorn guys of the C collection of cross Shaver 288 and you will hens from an experimental line of Black colored Speckled Australorps. The fresh genes accountable for along with regarding Leghorn plumage – We, Sp, w – and their alleles from inside the Australorps – we, sp, W – were used once the indicators to create hereditary assortment about the fresh new range.
The initial specimens (n=30) off birds homozygous to possess along with family genes was in fact produced in 1978 by the inter se breeding out-of white hybrids (F2) which have step three/4 from Leghorn inheritance. They had a noticable dose aftereffect of gene B on Leghorn gender chromosome. The male birds (BB spsp) got white plumage with outlines out-of barring and girls birds (B-spsp) have been prohibited-and-mottled with white down.
In the first stage out-of breeding the latest inventory out-of Banned-and-Speckled Leghorns designated merely two hundred-250 lead. The bulk of them were heterozygotes (Ii Spsp and you will ii Spsp) (n=l five hundred) having annual eggs creation of 230 eggs consider 56-57 grams. This was accompanied by rigid alternatives among females (50% intensity) having egg pounds, conformation and you can readiness of males (choice intensity ten%) in the form of crosses between as much as 10 traces. Certainly men chickens an element of the choice criteria was basically conformation, pounds and you may top-notch egg of its women moms and dads, in order to a much less the quantity the fresh new egg production of girls mothers.